Slice the yellow onion into very thin half-moons.
Heat 0.5 tsp of olive oil in a skillet over medium-low heat and add the onions with a small pinch of the sea salt.
Cook the onions slowly, stirring occasionally, until they are soft and golden brown, approximately 15 minutes.
Stir the balsamic vinegar into the onions during the last minute of cooking, then remove them from the skillet and set aside.
Increase the skillet heat to medium-high and add the remaining 0.5 tsp of olive oil.
Season the flank steak on both sides with the remaining sea salt and black pepper.
Sear the steak for 3 to 4 minutes per side for medium-rare, then transfer to a cutting board to rest for 5 minutes.
While the steak rests, toast the sourdough bread slice until it is golden and crisp.
Thinly slice the steak against the grain into bite-sized strips.
Spread the Dijon mustard over the toasted sourdough, then layer with baby arugula, the sliced steak, and the balsamic-caramelized onions.