Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C) and line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.
Scrub the potatoes and peel the carrots, then dice both into uniform 1/2-inch cubes to ensure they roast evenly.
In a large bowl, toss the diced potatoes and carrots with 1 tablespoon of olive oil, 0.125 teaspoon of salt, and 0.125 teaspoon of pepper.
Spread the vegetables in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet and roast for 20 to 25 minutes until tender and golden.
While the vegetables roast, slice the chicken breast into bite-sized pieces and season with chili powder, cumin, garlic powder, and the remaining salt and pepper.
Heat the remaining 0.5 tablespoon of olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat and pan-fry the chicken for 6 to 8 minutes until golden brown and cooked through.
Add the corn kernels to the skillet during the last 2 minutes of cooking, stirring frequently to lightly char the kernels.
Remove the roasted potatoes and carrots from the oven and combine them in the skillet with the chicken and corn.
Drizzle the entire mixture with fresh lime juice and toss well before serving warm.