Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C).
Trim the stems off the beets, wrap them individually in aluminum foil, and roast on a baking sheet for 45-50 minutes until tender when pierced with a fork.
While beets roast, season the chicken breast with half of the sea salt, black pepper, and the fresh thyme.
Heat a grill pan or skillet over medium-high heat and cook the chicken for 6-7 minutes per side until the internal temperature reaches 165°F.
Once the beets are cool enough to handle, rub the skins off with a paper towel and slice them into thick wedges.
Slice the cooked chicken breast into thin strips.
In a large bowl, toss the arugula with the olive oil, balsamic vinegar, and the remaining salt and pepper.
Plate the dressed arugula and top with the roasted beet wedges and sliced chicken.
Crumble the goat cheese over the top and serve immediately.