Preheat oven to 400°F and wrap the beets tightly in parchment paper and then foil.
Roast the beets for 45-60 minutes until a fork easily pierces the center, then let cool, peel, and slice into wedges.
Season the chicken breast with sea salt and black pepper.
Grill or pan-sear the chicken over medium-high heat for 6-7 minutes per side until the internal temperature reaches 165°F.
Slice the cooked chicken into thin strips.
In a small bowl, whisk together the olive oil and balsamic vinegar to create a simple vinaigrette.
Place the arugula in a large bowl, toss with half the dressing, and transfer to a serving plate.
Arrange the roasted beets and sliced chicken over the greens.
Top with crumbled goat cheese and walnuts, then drizzle with the remaining dressing.