Bring a large pot of water to a boil, add a pinch of salt, and cook the whole wheat penne according to package directions until al dente.
Reserve approximately 2 tablespoons of the starchy pasta water before draining the pasta and setting it aside.
While the pasta boils, season the chicken breast with half of the sea salt and black pepper.
Heat a skillet over medium-high heat and sear the chicken for 5-6 minutes per side until golden brown and cooked through, then remove from the pan to rest.
Reduce the skillet heat to low and add the ghee, scraping the bottom of the pan to release the flavorful browned bits from the chicken.
Add the minced garlic to the ghee and sauté for 30-45 seconds until aromatic, being careful not to let it burn.
Add the cooked pasta and baby spinach to the skillet, tossing gently with the reserved pasta water until the spinach is just wilted and the pasta is coated.
Slice the rested chicken into strips and return it to the pan, tossing with fresh parsley, basil, and the remaining salt and pepper.
Serve the pasta immediately in a shallow bowl, garnished with the grated parmesan cheese.