Place the beef in the freezer for 15-20 minutes to firm up, then slice it against the grain into paper-thin pieces.
Char the onion and ginger over an open flame or under a broiler until the edges are blackened and fragrant.
In a medium pot, toast the star anise, cinnamon stick, and cloves over medium heat for 2 minutes until aromatic.
Add the beef bone broth, charred onion, and charred ginger to the pot. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 20 minutes.
While the broth simmers, cook the rice noodles according to package instructions, drain, and set aside.
Strain the broth through a fine-mesh sieve to remove the solids and return the liquid to the pot. Stir in the fish sauce and sea salt.
Place the cooked noodles in a large bowl and arrange the raw beef slices on top in a single layer.
Pour the boiling hot broth over the beef to cook it instantly. Top with bean sprouts, Thai basil, jalapeño slices, and a squeeze of lime.