Heat the ghee in a large deep skillet or Dutch oven over medium-high heat.
Dice the chicken breast into bite-sized pieces and sauté in the skillet until golden brown on all sides, then remove and set aside.
In the same pan, add the diced onion, minced garlic, and grated ginger, sautéing until the onion is translucent and fragrant.
Stir in the garam masala, turmeric, cayenne, salt, and pepper, letting the spices toast for one minute to release their oils.
Add the peeled and diced sweet potato, cauliflower florets, and drained chickpeas, tossing to coat thoroughly in the spice mixture.
Pour in the tomato puree and coconut milk, scraping the bottom of the pan with a wooden spoon to release any flavorful browned bits.
Return the chicken to the pan, cover with a lid, and simmer for 15-20 minutes until the sweet potatoes are tender and the sauce has thickened.
Garnish with chopped fresh cilantro before serving hot.